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When a Classic Adds a New Flavor: Nutella Peanut and the Economics of Product Innovation in a Mature Global Brand
Few food products are as widely recognized as the chocolate–hazelnut spread that Ferrero first introduced in 1964. For more than sixty years, its recipe stayed almost unchanged, and this stability became part of its identity. So it drew real attention when the company announced a peanut version of the spread, described as the brand's first new flavor in over six decades and launched in the United States in 2026. From a business point of view, this is a small change to a jar o
Jul 614 min read


Understanding Customers Through Market Segmentation: A Balanced Academic Perspective
Market segmentation is one of the most important ideas in modern #marketing_strategy because it begins with a simple but powerful observation: not all customers are the same. People differ in their needs, values, income levels, life stages, lifestyles, habits, expectations, and decision-making patterns. A product, service, or message that is meaningful to one group may be less relevant to another. For this reason, businesses, institutions, and even public organizations often
May 187 min read


From Attention to Action: Understanding AIDA as an Educational Model in Marketing
Marketing is often presented as a complex field shaped by data, psychology, technology, culture, and business strategy. However, some of its most useful ideas are simple enough for students to understand quickly, while still being deep enough for academic discussion. One of these ideas is the AIDA model. AIDA stands for #Attention, #Interest, #Desire, and #Action. It explains how a person may move from first noticing a message to finally responding to it. In simple terms, mar
May 148 min read
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